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Regulatory issues for genetically modified animals
Perry Bradbury HACKETT
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期 页码 188-203 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019307
Precision genetics and breeding have the potential to meet the agricultural needs and goals of the world in the 21st century. These needs include increasing the efficiency of production of animals and improving their products with minimal impact on the environment. The USA is the major innovator in genomic science and the acknowledged leader in formulating policies to regulate genetic applications in medicine and agriculture. However, governments worldwide have been exceedingly reluctant to support the introduction of genetically modified (GM) animals into agriculture. Regulatory policies have stagnated due to legal guidelines that could not anticipate the needs and solutions that are evident today. This must change if we are to maintain planetary integrity. I propose a new, market-based regulatory model for GM livestock that has both a strong scientific foundation and has worked for 10000 years. The model is similar to that for information technology in which specific algorithms drive computer and cell phone applications. Genome engineers write genetic algorithms that drive the traits in biological organisms. Accordingly, GM products should be viewed in terms of their use and public benefit rather than by limitations to the genetic programing coming from a few highly vocal groups. Genetic algorithms (Genapps) of the 21st century will include not only introduction of synthetic genes, but also complete natural and synthetic biochemical pathways to produce agricultural products that are maximally efficient, healthy to humans and animals, and sustainable in an era of changing climates while avoiding environmental degradation.
High-expression of recombinant human concensus interferon-α by Pichia pastoris
HAO Yuyou, SHI Qiqi, HE Yun, ZHUANG Yingping, WANG Yonghong, ZHANG Siliang, CHU Ju, LIU Zhimin
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第4期 页码 399-403 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0073-x
Expression and function of DMT1 without IRE in C6 cells mediated by recombinant adenovirus
Xixun DU*, Huamin XU*, Hong JIANG, Jun WANG, Lei WANG, Junxia XIE
《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期 页码 67-71 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0010-0
关键词: divalent metal transporter 1 recombinant adenovirus homologous recombination iron
Shen LIU, Shengzhe SHANG, Xuezhen YANG, Huihua ZHANG, Dan LU, Ning LI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第5卷 第3期 页码 382-389 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018211
The mammary gland provides a novel method for producing recombinant proteins in milk of transgenic animals. A key component in the technology is the construction of an efficient milk expression vector. Here, we established a simple method to construct a milk expression vector, by a combination of homologous recombination and digestion-ligation. Our methodology is expected to have the advantages of both plasmid and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors. The BAC of mouse whey acidic protein gene (mWAP) was modified twice by homologous recombination to produce a universal expression vector, and the human lysozyme gene (hLZ) was then inserted into the vector by a digestion-ligation method. The final vector containing the 8.5 kb mWAP 5′ promoter, 4.8 kb hLZ genomic DNA, and 8.0 kb mWAP 3′ genomic DNA was microinjected into pronuclei of fertilized mouse embryos, to successfully generate two transgenic mouse lines that expressed recombinant human lysozyme (rhLZ) in milk. The highest expression level of rhLZ was 0.45 g·L−1, and rhLZ exhibited the same antibacterial activity as native hLZ. Our results have provided a simple approach to construct a universal milk expression vector, and demonstrated that the resulting vector regulates the expression of hLZ in milk.
关键词: BAC recombinant methods gene expression human lysozyme transgenic mice milk expression vector
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 页码 919-931 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0918-6
关键词: preeclampsia recombinant protein diannexin microparticle NLRP3 inflammasome phosphatidylserin
工程化DNA材料构建DNA活字系统实现可持续的数据存储 Article
巩子祎, 宋理富, 裴广胜, 董雨菲, 李炳志, 元英进
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第29卷 第10期 页码 130-136 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.05.023
DNA分子作为一种具有潜力的数据存储绿色材料,具有密度高和保存期长的优势。然而,目前DNA数据存储的数据写入依赖于DNA从头合成,写入成本高昂,且产生有害物,限制了其实际应用。在本研究中,我们开发了一种DNA活字存储系统,该系统可以利用由细胞工厂预生产的DNA活字片段进行数据写入。在这个系统中,这些预先生成的DNA片段,在这里称为“DNA活字”,是可重复使用的基本数据单元。通过这些DNA活字的快速组装来实现数据写入,从而避免了昂贵且对环境有害的DNA化学合成过程。通过DNA活字片段的反复使用和生物组装,该系统在降低写入成本方面的潜力非常突出,为经济和可持续的DNA数据存储技术开辟了一条新颖路线。
关键词: 合成生物学 DNA信息存储 DNA活字存储系统 经济性DNA数据存储
Ling HOU, Xiaoping LUO, Minlian DU, Huamei MA, Chunxiu GONG, Yuchuan LI, Shuixian SHEN, Zhuhui ZHAO, Li LIANG, Guanping DONG, Chaoying YAN, Hongwei DU
《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期 页码 171-176 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0027-4
关键词: recombinant human growth hormone injection growth hormone deficiency
Wei Wang, Shuqin Jiang, Zhirui Cui, Xiangyang Luo, Lingli Shi, Heli Zheng
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第5期 页码 580-585 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0585-9
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thyroid hormone supplementation on growth rate of children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) and low-normal serum free thyroxine FT4 who were receiving growth hormone therapy. We selected 64 prepubertal children with FT4 levels in the lowest third of the normal range as the lower FT4 group, and these children were divided randomly into two subgroups: L-thyroxine (L-T4)-treated subgroup was treated with L-T4 (0.5–3.0 g/(kg·d)) from the beginning of the study, and the non-L-T4-treated subgroup received placebo. We also selected 39 ISS children with FT4 in the upper two-thirds of the normal range as the higher FT4 group. During the first year, the lower FT4 group featured lower FT3, FT4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and insulin-like growth factor-I standard deviation score (IGF-I SDS) and significantly lower height velocity (HV) compared with the higher FT4 group. However, in the lower FT4 group, the L-T4-treated subgroup presented higher FT4, FT3, TSH, and IGF-I SDS concentrations and significantly higher HV compared with children in the non-L-T4-treated subgroup. In children with ISS, the negative effect of thyroid hormone deficiency on growth rate should be considered when FT4 level lies in the low-normal range prior to recombinant human growth hormone treatment.
关键词: therapeutic idiopathic short-stature children free T4 the first year recombinant human growth hormone
The role of PARP1 in the DNA damage response and its application in tumor therapy
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第2期 页码 156-164 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0197-3
Single-strand break repair protein poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) catalyzes the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of many key proteins in vivo and thus plays important roles in multiple DNA damage response pathways, rendering it a promising target in cancer therapy. The tumor-suppressor effects of PARP inhibitors have attracted significant interest for development of novel cancer therapies. However, recent evidence indicated that the underlying mechanism of PARP inhibitors in tumor therapy is more complex than previously expected. The present review will focus on recent progress on the role of PARP1 in the DNA damage response and PARP inhibitors in cancer therapy. The emerging resistance of BRCA-deficient tumors to PARP inhibitors is also briefly discussed from the perspective of DNA damage and repair. These recent research advances will inform the selection of patient populations who can benefit from the PARP inhibitor treatment and development of effective drug combination strategies.
关键词: PARP1 synthetic lethality PARP inhibitor DNA repair cancer NHEJ
Functional role of ATM in the cellular response to DNA damage
Ming LIU, Wenxiang HU
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第2期 页码 179-187 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0268-4
关键词: ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) cell cycle checkpoint DNA damage signalling transduction
Generation and repair of AID-initiated DNA lesions in B lymphocytes
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第2期 页码 201-216 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0324-4
Activation-induced deaminase (AID) initiates the secondary antibody diversification process in B lymphocytes. In mammalian B cells, this process includes somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR), both of which require AID. AID induces U:G mismatch lesions in DNA that are subsequently converted into point mutations or DNA double stranded breaks during SHM/CSR. In a physiological context, AID targets immunoglobulin (Ig) loci to mediate SHM/CSR. However, recent studies reveal genome-wide access of AID to numerous non-Ig loci. Thus, AID poses a threat to the genome of B cells if AID-initiated DNA lesions cannot be properly repaired. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms that regulate the specificity of AID targeting and the repair pathways responsible for processing AID-initiated DNA lesions.
关键词: class switch recombination somatic hypermutation activation-induced deaminase DNA repair genomic instability
Molecular simulation of the interaction mechanism between CodY protein and DNA in
Linchen Yuan, Hao Wu, Yue Zhao, Xiaoyu Qin, Yanni Li
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 页码 133-139 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1737-4
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第3期 页码 261-274 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0406-y
Environmental pollution is one of the main causes of human cancer. Exposures to environmental carcinogens result in genetic and epigenetic alterations which induce cell transformation. Epigenetic changes caused by environmental pollution play important roles in the development and progression of environmental pollution-related cancers. Studies on DNA methylation are among the earliest and most conducted epigenetic research linked to cancer. In this review, the roles of DNA methylation in carcinogenesis and their significance in clinical medicine were summarized, and the effects of environmental pollutants, particularly air pollutants, on DNA methylation were introduced. Furthermore, prospective applications of DNA methylation to environmental pollution detection and cancer prevention were discussed.
关键词: environmental pollution DNA methylation cancer biomarker diagnosis therapy prevention
Effects of DNA damage on oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryonic development
Shen YIN,Junyu MA,Wei SHEN
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第3期 页码 185-190 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014035
表征不同DNA高阶结构的单分子分析方法 Review
刘泳麟, 边天元, 刘岩, 李治民, 裴羽丰, 宋杰
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第24卷 第5期 页码 277-292 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.10.009
DNA不仅是生命遗传信息的载体,而且是一种高度可编程和自组装的纳米材料。不同的DNA结构与其生物学和化学功能有关。因此,了解各种DNA结构的物理和化学性质在生物学和纳米化学中具有重要意义。然而,群体分子实验忽略了溶液中DNA结构的异质性。单分子分析方法是观察单个分子的行为和探测自由能态的高异质性的有力工具。本文介绍了单分子检测和操纵等单分子分析方法,并讨论了这些方法如何用于测量单/双链DNA(ss/dsDNA)、DNA高阶结构和DNA纳米结构的分子性质。最后,将DNA纳米技术和单分子分析方法进行结合以了解DNA和其他生物物质、软物质的生物物理特性。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
High-expression of recombinant human concensus interferon-α by Pichia pastoris
HAO Yuyou, SHI Qiqi, HE Yun, ZHUANG Yingping, WANG Yonghong, ZHANG Siliang, CHU Ju, LIU Zhimin
期刊论文
Expression and function of DMT1 without IRE in C6 cells mediated by recombinant adenovirus
Xixun DU*, Huamin XU*, Hong JIANG, Jun WANG, Lei WANG, Junxia XIE
期刊论文
Construction of a universal recombinant expression vector that regulates the expression of human lysozyme
Shen LIU, Shengzhe SHANG, Xuezhen YANG, Huihua ZHANG, Dan LU, Ning LI
期刊论文
Recombinant protein diannexin prevents preeclampsia-like symptoms in a pregnant mouse model via reducing
期刊论文
Clinical evaluation of recombinant human growth hormone injection in children with growth hormone deficiency
Ling HOU, Xiaoping LUO, Minlian DU, Huamei MA, Chunxiu GONG, Yuchuan LI, Shuixian SHEN, Zhuhui ZHAO, Li LIANG, Guanping DONG, Chaoying YAN, Hongwei DU
期刊论文
supplementation of thyroid hormone on treatment of idiopathic short-stature children during therapy with recombinant
Wei Wang, Shuqin Jiang, Zhirui Cui, Xiangyang Luo, Lingli Shi, Heli Zheng
期刊论文
Molecular simulation of the interaction mechanism between CodY protein and DNA in
Linchen Yuan, Hao Wu, Yue Zhao, Xiaoyu Qin, Yanni Li
期刊论文
Environmental pollution and DNA methylation: carcinogenesis, clinical significance, and practical applications
null
期刊论文
Effects of DNA damage on oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryonic development
Shen YIN,Junyu MA,Wei SHEN
期刊论文